华为处理类 分单板tn81eg8组传送设备
tn81eg8面板及功能特性
tn81eg8单板支持8路ge业务信号的接入，实现20gbit/s的数据转发功能。支持流量管理、拥塞控制和调度等qos功能。
外观
tn81eg8单板的面板图如图1所示。
指示灯：eg8面板上的指示灯有：工作状态指示灯（stat）－红、绿、橙三色指示灯。
业务激活状态指示灯（act）－绿色指示灯。
程序状态指示灯（prog）－红、绿双色指示灯。
业务状态指示灯（srv）－红、绿、橙三色指示灯。
指示灯的具体含义请参见单板指示灯。
接口: tn81eg8单板上共有8个sfp接口，接口类型和用途如表1。接口对应的光纤请参见光纤种类。
表1 tn81eg8单板上的ge接口类型和用途
面板接口
接口类型
用途
光接口
in1～in8
lc
使用双纤双向光模块时，用作ge光信号输入接口
使用单纤双向光模块时，本接口不使用
out1～out8
使用双纤双向光模块时，用作ge光信号输出接口
使用单纤双向光模块时，用作ge光信号输入输出接口
说明：
面板上的sfp接口既可用作光接口，也可用作电接口。
用作光接口时，需要与光模块配合使用。
当使用双纤双向光模块时，光模块在左右两侧分别提供两个lc接口。两个接口各自需要占用一根光纤，分别用于收发业务信号。
当使用单纤双向光模块时，光模块只在左侧提供一个lc接口。该接口只占用一根光纤，可以同时收发业务信号。
用作电接口时，需要与电模块配合使用。
功能和特性
tn81eg8单板的功能和特性如表2。
eg8单板与其它ge以太处理板的差异请参见表2。
表2 tn81eg8单板功能特性
功能项
单板支持情况
基本功能
面板业务接口
8个ge接口
处理能力
全双工20gbit/s
多带2块接口板
dcn
支持带内dcn，且支持手动使能、去使能。默认前4路端口使能dcn功能。
端口功能
工作模式
自协商、1000m全双工
激光器自动关断
支持
端口环回类型
phy层的内环回和外环回
mac层的内环回和外环回
端口自动解环回
端口带宽利用率统计
mtu
46～9000字节
端口带宽越限告警分级
性能基于不同优先级的性能统计
工作原理和信号流
tn81eg8单板主要由业务处理模块、传输管理模块、交换缓存模块、管理模块、时钟模块和电源模块组成。
tn81eg8单板的功能框图如图1所示。
发送方向
交换缓存模块将xcs送来的信元进行缓存处理后，送入传输管理模块。传输管理模块将信元重组为报文，并进行流量缓存和qos管理，再送入业务处理模块中，由其中的业务接入模块对数据进行编解码和并/串转换并送到ge接口，或者通过背板送往对应的接口板。
接收方向
业务处理模块接收由本单板接口或接口板接入的业务信号，对数据进行编解码和串/并转换处理，并对数据报文进行路由查找或地址匹配，及协议报文的提取，再将对应的报文送到传输管理模块。传输管理模块对报文进行缓存调度后，将报文切片成交换网所需要的信元。交换缓存模块对信元进行缓存后送到xcs。
业务处理模块
业务处理模块完成以下功能：
在接收方向，该模块由面板接口接入ge信号，由其中的业务接入模块完成信号的编解码及串/并转换处理。处理后的业务信号与接口板送来的业务信号一起送至业务转发模块，完成数据报文的路由查找和地址匹配。
在发送方向，该模块接收传输管理模块传送来的信号。信号由业务接入模块完成编解码和并/串转换处理，由面板接口送出，或者由业务转发模块发送给对应的接口板。
完成协议报文的提取。
完成同步以太时钟的提取。
完成ieee 1588 v2报文的提取。
传输管理模块
传输管理模块将报文切片为定长信元，并提供qos和大容量流量缓存功能。各功能说明如下：
qos：提供包括流队列和端口队列在内的调度功能、带宽限制功能，并提供相应的统计信息。
大容量缓存：支持20gbit/s的流量，具有17ms的缓存能力。
交换缓存模块
交换缓存模块主要完成到交叉板的信元的缓存。
管理模块
管理模块提供管理总线、通信总线等，管理单板各模块。同时负责告警和性能监视并上报给sca。
时钟模块
时钟模块完成以下功能：
为单板的各个模块提供时钟。
支持同步以太。
支持ieee 1588 v2协议。
电源模块
电源模块将接入的直流电压转换为单板各个模块所需的直流电压。
可插放槽位
tn81eg8单板可插放在子架的slots 1～8，11～18。
tn81eg8单板与接口板可插放槽位对应关系如表1所示。
表1 tn81eg8单板与接口板槽位对应关系
tn81eg8板槽位
对应接口板槽位
slot 1
slots 19、20
slot 2
slots 21、22
slot 3
slots 23、24
slot 4
slots 25、26
slot 5～slot 8
-
slot 11～slot 14
slot 15
slots 31、32
slot 16
slots 33、34
slot 17
slots 35、36
slot 18
slots 37、38
huawei processing single board tn81eg8 packet transmission equipment
tn81eg8 panel and its functional characteristics
tn81eg8 single board supports the access of 8 ge service signals and realizes the data forwarding function of 20gbit/s. it supports traffic management, congestion control and scheduling.
appearance
the panel diagram of tn81eg8 veneer is shown in figure 1.
indicator light
the indicators on the eg8 panel are:
stat - red, green and orange indicator.
business activation status indicator (act) - green indicator.
program status indicator (prog) - red and green indicators.
business status indicator (srv) - red, green and orange indicators.
for the specific meaning of the indicator, please refer to the single board indicator.
interface
there are eight sfp interfaces on tn81eg8 single board. the types and uses of these interfaces are shown in table 1. optical fibers corresponding to the interface can be seen in the category of optical fibers.
table 1 types and uses of ge interfaces on tn81eg8 single board
panel interface
interface type
purpose
optical interface
in1-in8
used as ge optical signal input interface when using dual-fiber bidirectional optical module
when using single fiber bidirectional optical module, this interface is not used.
out1~out8
when using dual-fiber bidirectional optical module, it is used as the output interface of ge optical signal.
when using single fiber bidirectional optical module, it is used as input and output interface of ge optical signal.
explain:
the sfp interface on the panel can be used not only as an optical interface, but also as an electrical interface.
when used as an optical interface, it needs to be used in conjunction with the optical module.
when using dual-fiber bidirectional optical module, the optical module provides two lc interfaces on both sides. the two interfaces need to occupy a single optical fiber for receiving and receiving service signals respectively.
when using a single fiber bidirectional optical module, the optical module only provides an lc interface on the left side. the interface only occupies one optical fiber and can send and receive business signals at the same time.
when used as an electrical interface, it needs to be used in conjunction with the electrical module.
functions and characteristics
the functions and characteristics of tn81eg8 veneer are shown in table 2.
the difference between eg8 veneer and other ge ethernet processing boards is shown in table 2.
table 2 functional characteristics of tn81eg8 veneer
functional items
veneer support
basic function
panel business interface
8 ge interfaces
processing capacity
full duplex 20gbit/s
up to 2 interface boards
support dcn in band, and support manual enabling and de-enabling. the first four ports enable dcn function by default.
port function
working mode
self-negotiation, 1000m full duplex
laser automatic shutdown
support
port loopback type
inner loop and outer loop of phy layer
the inner loop and outer loop of mac layer
port automatic unlooping
port bandwidth utilization statistics
46-9000 bytes
port bandwidth over-limit alarm classification
performance statistics based on different priorities
working principle and signal flow
tn81eg8 single board is mainly composed of business processing module, transmission management module, switch buffer module, management module, clock module and power module.
the function block diagram of tn81eg8 veneer is shown in figure 1.
direction of transmission
the exchange cache module processes the xcs sent cells and sends them to the transmission management module. transport management module reorganizes cells into messages, carries out flow caching and qos management, and then feeds them into service processing module. the data are coded and decoded by service access module and converted to ge interface, or sent to the corresponding interface board through backplane.
receiving direction
the service processing module receives the service signals accessed by the single board interface or interface board, codes and decodes the data, performs serial/parallel conversion processing, and performs routing lookup or address matching for the data message, and extracts the protocol message, and then sends the corresponding message to the transmission management module. after the packet is cached and scheduled by the transmission management module, the message is sliced into the cells needed by the switching network. the switch cache module caches the cells and sends them to xcs.
business processing module
business processing module completes the following functions:
in the receiving direction, the ge signal is accessed by the panel interface, and the encoding and decoding and serial/parallel conversion of the signal are completed by the service access module. the processed service signals are sent to the service forwarding module together with the service signals from the interface board to complete the routing lookup and address matching of data messages.
in the direction of transmission, the module receives the signal transmitted by the transmission management module. signals are coded and decoded by the service access module and processed by parallel/serial conversion. they are sent by the panel interface or by the service forwarding module to the corresponding interface board.
complete the protocol message extraction.
complete the extraction of synchronous ether clock.
complete the extraction of ieee 1588 v2 message.
transport management module
the transmission management module slices the message into fixed-length cells, and provides the functions of qos and large-capacity traffic caching. the functions are described as follows:
qos: provides scheduling and bandwidth limitation functions including stream queue and port queue, and provides corresponding statistical information.
high-capacity cache: supports 20 gbit/s of traffic, with 17 ms of caching capacity.
switch cache module
the switching cache module mainly completes the cell caching to the cross board.
management module
the management module provides management bus, communication bus and so on, and manages each module of the single board. also responsible for alarm and performance monitoring and reporting to sca.
clock module
the clock module completes the following functions:
clocks are provided for each module of the board.
supports synchronous ethernet.
support the ieee 1588 v2 protocol.
power module
the power module converts the dc voltage into the dc voltage required by each module of the board.
pluggable slot position
tn81eg8 veneer can be inserted into slots 1-8, 11-18 of sub-frame.
the corresponding relationship between tn81eg8 veneer and socket position of interface board is shown in table 1.
华为发布全球首款avs3标准8k芯片，三星、索尼或都要用 关注
华为发布全球首款avs3标准8k芯片，三星、索尼或都要用 来源：互联网乱侃秀
说起华为在芯片方面的成就相信大家已经是有目共睹了，目前形成了5大类。
如下图所示，分别是手机soc麒麟系列、服务器芯片鲲鹏系列，5g芯片巴龙（5g基带）、天罡（5g基站芯片）系列，人工智能（ai）芯片昇
腾系列。
还有一种则是一些专用芯片，这里面含有很多，比如wifi芯片、物联网芯片、路由器芯片、电视芯片、电源控制芯片，ssd控制芯片等等。
相对而言，前面四种大家熟悉一点，因为这4种属于通用型的芯片，大家也更为关注一点。但并不代表着第5种芯片就不那么重要了。
比如华为的nb-lot芯片目前已经出货已经是2000万以上，在智能电视方面，华为的芯片份额更是全国，同时在ssd方面，华为更是中国入全球top10的厂商。
而在近日，在华为的专用芯片上面，华为再次发力，发布了全球首款基于avs3标准8k视频解码芯片。
这款芯片叫做hi3796cv300，由华为海思旗下的上海子公司--上海海思技术有限公司推出。
而所谓的avs3是8k的超高清视频编解码技术标准，将为新兴的５g媒体应用、虚拟现实媒体等提供技术规范，引领未来５年到10年８k超高清
和vr视频产业的发展。
也就是说未来所有的8k视频解码，都会使用avs3标准，所以这款芯片在8k视频解码芯片中，占有非常重要地方。
这款芯片可以用于8k机顶盒、8k视频编码器、8k电视等等所有有关于8k解码的硬件之中，目前也只有华为海思发布了这样一款芯片。
相关产品：华为处理类 , 分单板tn81eg8

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